试谈语言接触中的借用现象

A Tentative Talk on the Borrowing in Lingual Contact

民族之间的贸易往来、战争征服、迁徙杂居、文化交流等各种形式的接触,都必然会引起语言的接触。无论是哪种形式的接触,无论程度怎样、性质如何,一经接触必然会相互影响,这表现在语言成分的借用和吸收方面。借用现象在语言接触中是一种普遍的现象,因为任何一种语言都不是孤立的。借用现象无论对借方还是被借方都产生过重要的影响。文章从借用的形式、借用的趋向、借用的作用及影响对语言接触中的借用现象进行论证。

Different kinds of contact such as mutual trade, war conquering, Migragation and mixed inhabitation as well as cultural exchange of different nationalities, will inevitably lead to language contact. Regardless of the form, extent or characteristics of the contact, the two sides involved will influence each other once they＇ve contacted, which is reflected in the borrowing and absorption of the other side＇s language. The phenomenon of borrowing is universal, for no language is isolated. It has produced important influence on both the borrowing side amd the lending side. This article is intended to make an cxpoundation on the phcnomenon of sorrowing in terms of its form, trend, role and influence.