小麦超高产研究浅见

Study on Super-high-yield of Wheat

纵观小麦超高产实例,认为:从超高产小麦群体结构看,建成大密度-小株型群体结构似有一定优势。提高收获指数应成为小麦超高产研究的主攻方向。在品种选择上宜以小叶、大穗、矮秆、多抗、高粒叶比与高收获指数作为主要育种目标。在栽培上当以稳叶控株增穗作为现阶段实现超高产的途径。为确保超高产麦田沿着稳叶控株增穗途径稳健发展,除选用合适的品种外,还应为此创造合理的土肥水条件并加强田间管理。

According to local potential of light and temperature, the low limit index of yield in the research for super-high-yield （SHY） of wheat was determined at 641 kg/667m^2 in this paper, moreover the breach of SHY was found. It looked that to build high density and small plant is more reasonable, and to select the cultivars of little leaves, big ears, dwarf stem, multiple anti disease, high rate of grain to leaf and high harvest index was the breeding aim. Concerning cultivation to keep stable LAI, control the single plant and increase more ears is the effective way to realize SHY, furthermore, to improve the harvest index should be the direction of SHY of wheat. In order to insure the stable development of SHY wheat, five points of technique were put forward. Anyway, for the start stage of this study, lots of problems in SHY are worth discussing naturally.