四川常羽乌骨鸡群体遗传多样性分析

Genetic diversity in Sichuan BlackBone Chickens as revealed by microsatellite DNA markers

利用选自家禽基因组的10个微卫星标记,对四川常羽乌骨鸡5个群体(四川山地乌骨鸡白羽系、黑羽系;黄忠山地乌骨鸡;黄忠山地乌骨鸡绿壳蛋系;草科乌骨鸡)的遗传多样性进行了检测,计算了各群体的群体杂合度、群体间遗传距离,并根据遗传距离进行了聚类分析。结果表明所选择的微卫星标记在各群体中表现出较高的多态性;四川5个乌骨鸡群体遗传多样性比较丰富,群体平均杂合度为0.5383到0.6659;各群体间的遗传距离有一定的差异;聚类分析将5个群体聚为三类。

Genetic diversity of Siehuan normal - pinna - black - bone chickens was evaluated on the basis of 10 microsatellite markers selected from the chicken Gene-Bank. Average breed （line） heterozygosity and genetic distance were calculated hased on allele frequencies. And then, cluster analysis based on those calculated genetic distances lines was performed for the five chicken lines. Every microsatellite loci analyzed were polymorphic in those chicken lines with an average number of alleles per locus equal to 4.2. The average heterozygosity of ten mierosatellite loci in black-bone chicken lines was varied from 0. 538 3 （The white line of Sican Shandi black - bone chicken, SB） to 0. 665 9 （Huangzhong Shandi black- bone chicken. SC）. The values of heterozygosity suggested that there have been abundant genetic diversity and potential of selection in Siehuan normal - pinna black- bone chickens. The result of genetic distance indicated that there were some genetic differences among each line, too. This study, which still needs to be extended to research with more markers and more individuals, suggested that microsatellite DNA marker is a useful tool in detecting genetic diversity in closely related breeds and accessions.