参与式技术发展在西双版纳勐宋生态农业项目中的实践与创新

The Practice and Innovation on Participatory Technology Development(PTD)——Sustainable agriculture project in Mengsong,Xishuangbanna

参与式技术发展强调农户的参与,是对农户能力建设的过程。其直接产出不是一个“技术”,而是一套“技术方案”,既包括技术更包括组织落实技术所需要的各种条件与措施。本文通过研究勐宋光明村的妇女小组参与蔬菜种植技术发展的实践,发现:(1)应用参与式能改变妇女的集体活动内容,转变妇女干部的角色,提高妇女参与的积极性。(2)社区进行技术应用和创新主要有三种方式:传统知识和经验的学习实践;引入并模仿外来技术;传统知识与外来技术结合进行创新。这三种方式在社区的发展是主动-被动-主动的渐进过程。(3)妇女们通过参与技术发展在逐步转变其角色,并且这些转变得到了社区的认可。

PTD is a process of emphasizing the participation and capacity building of local villagers. The direct outcome is a set of ＂technical frame＂ （including the technology and some context or step that is required to implement the technology）. Study on the process of PTD by women＇s group in Guangming village of Mengsong, we found that （1） PTD can change women＇s collective activities and the roles of women＇s leader, thus enhance women＇s participation. （2） There are three types of the technical experimentation in the community： implementing and sharing indigenous knowledge; introducing and coping new technology from outside; combinating of indigenous and external technologies for new innovation. All three types go through step by step in the village, which represents the process of farmer participation from active to passive to active. （3） Through PTD, local women have changed their role gradually, and the community has accepted these changes.