神经康复科52例医院感染因素分析

Analysis of 52 nosocomial infection cases in neurology rehabilitation department

目的分析我院神经康复科医院感染危险因素。方法对神经康复科1431例出院患者的病历进行回顾性分析。结果1431例患者医院感染率3.63%;感染部位主要为呼吸道、泌尿道和皮肤软组织;主要病原菌为铜绿假单胞菌(30%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(25%)、鲍氏不动杆菌(20%),其次为链球菌(10%)和白色念珠菌(10%),其他病原菌5%。结论吞咽障碍饮水呛咳是脑卒中患者继发肺部感染的主要危险因素;年龄大、住院时间长、侵入性诊疗技术操作、不合理使用抗生素是呼吸道感染的相关因素。

Objective To explore the risk factors causing nosocomial infection （NI） in patients with stroke. Methods Clinical data of 1431 stroke patients discharged from our hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Results The NI incidence rate was 3.63 %. The most common infection sites were respiratory tract, urinary tract and parenchyma. The major pathogens were P. aeruginosa （30%）, Stap. Aureus （25%）, Acinetobacter baumannii/coalcoaceticus （20%）, followed by Streptococcus （10%） and Candida albicans （10%）. Conclusion The main risk factor related to pulmonary NI of cerebral stroke patients is deglutition barrier; the occurrence of infection is also associated with age, invasive procedure and antimicrobial agents.