在西藏高原旅行者54例死亡原因分析

Analysis of the Inbound Traveler Dead Reason in Tibet Plateau

目的通过在西藏高原的入境旅行者死亡原因分析,为减少和避免高原环境或气候对高原旅行者的危害提供科学依据。方法整理分析2000年-2004年11月从拉萨口岸、樟木口岸及普兰口岸出境尸体申报的资料。结果 5年中,来自17个国家和地区的旅行者死亡人数为54例,其中男性38例,女性16例;最高死亡年龄为82岁,最小年龄为22岁,平均死亡年龄为54岁。其中急性肺水肿死亡占27.78%,急性呼吸衰竭死亡占12.96%,急性心肌梗死死亡占9.26%,交通事故死亡占9.26%,高山跌落致内脏损伤死亡占1.85%。结论根据54例资料分析结果表明,由于高原综合征和高原加剧的疾病而死亡者占死亡人数的一半。因此,应加强对到高原旅行人群提供咨询和预防知识的教育,建议他们旅行前到相关医疗机构或国境旅行保健机构进行体格检查,并掌握和了解高原旅行健康知识。高龄旅行者如果有心、肺、脑、肝、肾和严重贫血以及患有高血压的人不应盲目进入高原。对高原病要早发现、早转移安全地以及早治疗。

Objective Analyzing the inbound traveler death reason in the Tibet plateau, to provide scientific basis for reducing and avoiding the injury to traveler due to the plateau environment or weathers. METHOD Sorting and analyzing declare the data of departure the corpse from Lhasa port, Zhangmu port and Pulan port from 2000 to Nov. 2004. Results In 5 years, death numbers were 54 cases whom came from 17 nations and region, among them male 38 cases, female 16 cases. The highest age of the dead was 82 years old, the minimum age is 22 years old, average death age is 54 years old. Among them, the causing death by acute pulmonary edema occupied 27.78%, acute respiratory failure occupied 12.96%, acute myocardial infawtion occupied 9.26%, traffic accident occupied 9.26%, got death by a fall from high mountain with the result that the internal organs hurts to occupy 1.85%. Conclusion According to the 54 data, the result express, the death share to die the number of half due to the high altitude syndromes and illness was being aggravated by high altitude. Therefore, should enhance to go to plateau trip crowd offering consult with the education that prevent the knowledge, suggest they before taking a trip to related medical treatment organization or international travel healthcare organization proceed physical examination, and control with understand the plateau trip health knowledge. If advanced age traveler contain heart, lung, brain, liver, kidney and anemic seriously and get the person of the high blood pressure shouldn＇t the blindness enter the plateau. Want to the plateau disease to discover early and transfer early safely area and cure early.