吸烟、饮酒与子宫内膜癌关系的病例对照研究

Cigarette smoking,alcohol consumption and endometrial cancer risk: population-based case-control study in urban Shanghai

目的探讨吸烟、饮酒与子宫内膜癌的关系.方法采用以人群为基础的病例对照研究,调查上海市1997年1月-2002年12月确诊的、年龄30～69岁的子宫内膜癌患者（n=995）和全人群对照（n=1 087）的一般情况、月经及生育史、饮食及营养素、个人生活习惯、体力活动、疾病及家族史等资料,采用非条件Logistic回归模型分析吸烟及饮酒与子宫内膜癌的关系.结果与从未吸烟者相比,目前吸烟者患子宫内膜癌的OR值为0.48（95%CI：0.22～1.06）,但无统计学意义;未发现吸烟年限、开始吸烟年龄等因素与子宫内膜癌有关.与从未饮酒者相比,目前饮酒者患子宫内膜癌的危险性降低,后者调整后OR为0.19（95%CI：0.09～0.41）,P＜0.01;以从未饮酒者为参比组,开始饮酒年龄≥30岁及＜30岁组的OR分别为0.63（95%CI：0.34～1.16）和0.41（95%CI：0.19～0.86）,趋势检验P=0.006 1.结论饮酒可能对子宫内膜癌有保护作用;吸烟与子宫内膜癌的关系有待进一步研究.

Purpose To evaluate the association of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption with the risk of endometrial cancer. Methods In a population-based case-control study conducted in urban Shanghai, in-person interviews were completed for 995 cases aged 30 to 69, newly diagnosed with endometrial cancer-from January 1997 to December 2002, and 1,087 age frequency-matched controls. Unconditional logistic model was applied in the analysis. Results Compared to never smokers, current smokers may had a decreased risk of endometrial cancer （multivariate OR = 0.48, 95 % CI：0.22 - 1.06）, but it＇s statistically insignificant. An inverse association was observed in current or ever alcohol drinkers and endometrial cancer risk （OR = 0.19, 95 % CI：0.09 - 0.41 ）, and it reduced with decreasing age of began to drink. The risk for endometrial cancer were 0. 63（95%CI：0. 34 - 1. 16） or 0.41 （95%CI：0.19 - 0.86）of women who began to drink at age ≥30 or 〈30 years （Pfor trend = 0. 0061）. Conclusions In this Chinese population, we did not find that active smoking or passive smoking were related to the risk of endometrial cancer. The inverse association between alcohol drinking and endome- trial cancer risk needs further investigation.