树木复幼的研究概述

A Review on the Rejuvenation of Mature Trees

幼龄树木通常具有良好的生根能力、旺盛和通直的生长习性与较强的抗性,然而随着树木的成熟这些特性会逐渐丧失。复幼是使成熟树木重现某些幼态性状的过程。成熟树木的复幼和幼态保持是林木生产、无性繁殖、遗传改良和生物技术在林木中应用中十分重要的科学问题。本文对树木的组织和器官保持幼态的特性、顶端分生组织表达幼态的潜能、与复幼相关的生理、生化和分子生物学以及复幼方法等方面的研究进行了概述,并对今后的研究和需要解决的关键问题提出了意见和建议。

Rejuvenation is a key issue in the clonal propagation of trees and the application of biotechnologys to trees. Normally, juvenile trees have a strong rooting capability, vigor, straightup growth and high pest resistance, which highly underline the tree＇s production. However, with development, the tree gradually loses these characteristics to enter a mature phase. Rejuvenation is a reverse process of the tree＇s development to turn the mature phase into the juvenile phase. This paper describes research advances on juvenile character preservation in tissues or organs during tree development; potential juvenile competence in apical meristem; understanding the rejuvenation mechanism at the physiological, biochemical and molecular levels; and rejuvenation methods. Some questions in rejuvenation research are raised and further research emphases discussed.