高功能孤独症和Asperger综合征儿童的中央凝聚性研究

Study of central coherence in children with high functioning autism and asperger syndrome.

【目的】探讨高功能孤独症(high function autism,HFA)和Asperger综合征(Asperger syndrom,AS)儿童在中央凝聚性方面的认知神经心理特征,为其治疗提供理论依据。【方法】应用视觉和言语语义记忆任务和木块图形测验分别对19例学龄前及学龄期HFA儿童、26例AS儿童和20例正常健康儿童(normal controls,NC)进行测试,为其治疗提供理论依据。【结果】在视觉模式或言语模式下,给予语义相关系列的刺激时,三组儿童组能回忆的正确图片或词语数目均比非相关系列刺激能回忆正确的图片或词语数目显著增多(P<0.05);各组儿童在视觉模式下能回忆的图片数目均比在言语模式下能回忆的词语数目显著增多(P<0.01);HFA组儿童在视觉模式相对言语的记忆优势比正常组更明显。HFA组木块图量表分明显低于正常儿童组(P<0.05),AS组量表分与正常儿童组差异无显著性(P>0.05)。【结论】学龄前及学龄期HFA和AS儿童的中央凝聚性薄弱并不明显,推测HFA和AS患者的中央凝聚性薄弱的认知特征可能会随着年龄的增长逐渐明显。

[Objective] To with high function autism（HFA） research the cognitive neuropsychological profiles of central coherence in Chinese children and asperger syndrom（AS）. [Methods] 19 children with HFA, 26 children with AS and 20 normal controls,NC were examined by using visual and verbal semantic memory task and block design test. [Resuits] In the visual and verbal semantic memory task, all groups of children performed better in the related than unrelated conditions in both the visual and verbal domain~ all groups of children performed better in visual than in verbal domain, while the preference was more obvious in HFA than in NC group. In the block design test, HFA group had significantly lower scores than NC group, while the scores between AS and NC group were not significant. [Conclusion] The result suggest that the cognitive feature of weak central coherence in AS and HFA of preschool or school age is not obvious. It suggest that the cognitive feature of weak central coherence in AS and HFA will gradually appears clear with age.