学龄前儿童气质与行为问题的关系探讨

Study on the relation between the temperament and the behavior problems in former school children.

【目的】探讨学龄前儿童气质与行为问题的关系，分析气质特征及其在儿童行为问题发生中的作用。【方法】采用《NYLS3～7岁儿童气质问卷》及《Conners’儿童行为家长问卷》对长春市四所幼儿园737名学龄前儿童进行测查。【结果】行为问题儿童与对照组儿章气质类型分布差异有显著性（P〈0．05），在行为问题组中难养型的比例明显增多且在活动水平、规律性、趋避性、反应强度、情绪本质、注意分散度这六个维度的得分与对照组比较差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。不同气质类型儿童在品行问题、心身障碍、冲动多动、焦虑和学习问题这五个因子的得分比较差异有显著性（P〈0.05）。【结论】行为问题儿童的气质类型以难养型居多并存其独特性．应根据其气质特点，采取相应的教育措施。

[Objective] To explore and analysis the relalion between the temperament and the behavior problem in children. [Methods] With recovery NYLS 3 - 7 years child temperament questionnaire and Conners＇ Rating scale 737 children were measured in former school in Changchun city＇s four kindergarten, [Results] The diffence of the qualities type＇s distributing of the children of behavior problem comparing with the control group was significant （P〈0. 05）. It showed obviously increase in behavior problem groups and the score of the six dimensionality about activity level, disciplinarian, hasten and avoid, response intension, emotion essence, notice separate degree compare with control group that the diffence was markedness （P〈0.05）. Different qualities type＇s children in the personal conduct, body obstacle, hyperactivity, worry anxiously with study diffcult and there was obvious the difference among five factors＇ score （P〈0.05） [Conclusion] The childrens＇ qualities type of the behavior problem is major as control group and it has special character. Education measure should be adopt according to the characteristics of its qualities.