泉州市中小学儿童哮喘相关因素分析

The correlation factors of asthma survey in elementary and high school students of Quanzhou.

【目的】了解泉州市中、小学7～14岁儿童哮喘的发病原因。【方法】对泉州地区12所中小学的儿童，采用问卷随机抽样调查10000名，确诊为儿童哮喘者386例（3．9％）进行相关因素分析。【结果】7～11岁发病者278例（占72．0％），～14岁108例（28．0％）。冬春与秋冬为好发季节，分别为136例（35．2％）和131例（33．9％）；发病与气候变化和季节交换明最相关者121例（31．3％），上呼吸道感染为最常见诱因者246例（63．7％），有过敏性疾病史（过敏性鼻炎、湿疹、荨麻疹等）者201例（52．1％）；34．2％有一、二级家族哮喘史。24．9％有亲属过敏史。【结论】儿童哮喘的发病原因与上呼吸道感染、气候变化和季节交换、过敏性疾病、家族哮喘史和岽属过敏史密切相关。

[Objectives] To survey the inducing factor of asthma in elementary and high school students ot Quanzhou. [Methods] 10 000 students in 12 elementary and high school students of Quanzhou were selected as subjects of epidemic investigation by random sampling. The subjects were asked questions concerning the epidemic investigation. 386 cases （3.9 % ） were diagnosed as asthma, and they were surveyed about the correlation factors of Asthma. [ Results] There were 278 cases（72.0%） and 108 cases （28.0%） in 7-11 and 11-14 years old age group respectively. The main asthmatic attack seasons were winter-spring transition and autumn-winter transition, and there were 136 cases（35.2 % ）and 131 cases（ 33.9 % ）respectively. 121 cases （31.3 % ）attacked by asthma associated obviously with climate change and season transition. The chief asthma inducing factor was upper respiratory infection. 201 asthma cases （52.1% ） showed history of allergic disease including allergic rhinitis, eczema, urticaria; 34.2% asthma family history; 24. 9% allergic family history. [Conclusion] The inducing factor of children asthma is correlated with upper respiratory infection, climate change, season transition, allergic disease, asthma family history and allergic family history.