骨髓基质干细胞治疗神经系统疾病的研究现状

Current Study of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Treatment of Nervous System Diseases

骨髓基质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)具有分化为多种细胞的潜能,可以从鼠和人的骨髓中获得,可以通过多种途径植入脑内。MSCs可以选择性地靶向作用于损伤组织,激活内源性的反应机制,从而促进神经系统损伤功能的恢复。在供、受体之间可能存在几种作用机制,包括:受体对植入MSCs的免疫应答、指导MSCs在受体内分化和向损伤靶点的归巢机制以及局部微环境的作用。MSCs植入可以看作是一种有极大潜力的治疗神经系统疾病的细胞疗法,目前在临床前和部分临床试验中用于包括脑和脊髓损伤、脑缺血、神经系统变性疾病的治疗。本文对近期MSCs在神经系统疾病的应用简要综述如下。

Mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） have been isolated from bone marrow in human and in rodents, which have the capability to differentiate into multiple kinds of cells and can he transplanted into brain via many pathways. MSCs can selectively target the injury tissues and activate the interoal reaction mechanism and then promote the functional recovery of the injuried nervous system . There are several mechanisms botween donator and acceptor including the host immune response to implanted cells,the homing mechanism guiding delivered cells to the site of injury and the differentiation in vivo of acceptor,and the effection of local microenvironment, As a new cell theraoy , MSCs implantation has a big potentiality in curing the nervous system diseases based on the current data obtained from pre-clinical and clinical studies in the treatment of brain , spinal cord , cerebral ischemia and neural degeneration disease .This article reviewed the clinical use of MSCs in the treatment of disease mentioned above.