“黑土型”退化草地人工植被披碱草属三种牧草的适应性评价

Evaluation of adaptability of 3 Elymus forages in artificial vegetation of "Black-soil-Type" degraded grassland

对引入达日县和玛沁县“黑土型”退化草地的三种披碱草属牧草的生长情况,分别进行了4年和3年的观测。结果表明,这些牧草的越冬率均接近100%,抗寒性很强,适应性随栽培年限延长而提高。总的生长发育规律是生长前期地上植物增加速度较快,到抽穗期达到最大值,后逐渐下降。生育期随栽培年限延长而缩短,随海拔增高而延长。三种牧草第2年单位面积平均干草产量约1 100g/m2,垂穗披碱草和短芒老芒麦单位面积平均种子产量约330g/m2。是“黑土型”退化草地上建植人工植被的优良草种。

The growth condition of 3 species of Elymus introduced into ＂Black-soil-Type＂ degraded grassland of Maqing and Daft country was observed for 3 and 4 years. The results showed that the over- wintering rate of these three forages were all about 100 percent, the resistance to cold were very well and adaptability increased with prolonging of cultivated time. The total growth rythm was that the growth speed of aboveground plant was quickly increased in preceeding period and reched the peak in the heading period and then it decreased slowly. Growing period was shorted with the prologing of cultivated time and longed with increased elevation. The average hay yield of per unit area was about 1100g/m^2 , the average seed yield of per unit area of Elynms nutans and Elymus sibiricus were about 330g/m^2 in the second year. which suggested that these species were the excellent forages species for establishing artificial vegetation in ＂Black-soil-Type＂ degraded grassland.