论政治参与的历史演进

On the Historic Evolution of Political Participation

纵向考察了政治参与在历史发展过程中的演化以及在各种社会形态的表现,认为在资本主义社会以前的原始社会、奴隶社会和封建社会的政治参与,由于人民权利的思想还没有产生发展,经济文化生活水平较低,其政治参与形式比较单一,且实质上并不是个人主义和个人权利本位下的政治参与;进入资本主义社会,有了人民权利的思想,才有了现代意义上的政治参与,公民政治参与形式日益多样化,制度日益完善,但也出现了政党和利益集团的参与、媒体参与等新的情况,以及参与度较低等政治冷漠现象;社会主义社会是保证人民政治权利得到广泛、真实、平等实现的政治形式,代表着民主的更高级发展阶段。在此基础上,也对社会主义社会出现的政治参与与政治民主不同步现象进行了探析。

This paper investigates into the changes of political participation in the course of historic development and the embodiments of political participation before and in the socialist society. In the primitive, slavery and feudal societies, the lacking of democratic thoughts and the underdevelopment of economy and culture have resulted in the monotony of political participation. In the capitalist society, people become more democracy-minded, and political participation has been hued with its modern sense. The forms and systems of political participation have been gradually diversified and improved. With the emergence of party, group and＇ media participations, however, people have showed a degree of political indifference. It is the socialist society that can guarantee the people to enjoy true, wide-ranged and equal political rights. It represents the highest level of political participation up to now. At the same time, the author analyzes the asynchrony between political partieipation and political democracy in the socialist society.