人权视野中的受教育权问题初探

A Tentative Study of the Educational Right in the Perspective of Human Rights

人权是人类成员即所有的人都应享有的基本权利,人权的存在形态是由应有权利、法定权利和实有权力构成的互相关联的体系。“受教育权”是一种基本的人权,它具有神圣性、不可缺少性、不可取代性和不可转让性。“受教育权”主要由“受教育机会权”、“受教育条件权”与“获取受教育结果权”构成。从应有、法定与实有三个方面来考察“受教育权”,我国公民之“受教育权”的保障与实现取得了巨大成就,但在新形势下也存在不少问题,分析和研究之,有重要的意义。

Human rights are the basic rights entitled to every member of world. Human rights refer to a mutual associated system consisting of just right, legal right and actual right. Educational right is a basic human right, which is divine, indispensable, and can not be substituted and transferred. It mainly consists of rights of access to the opportunity to be educated, the educational condition and the educational results. China has made great achievement in guaranteeing citizens＇ right to be educated in the aspects of just right, legal right and actual right. However, there are still many problems in the new situation.