摘要
"21世纪的食物",是一项包括整个农业食物链的跨学科研究计划,于1997～2004年在瑞典实施。该研究所面临的挑战是为整个食物链中存在的不可持续的活动提出环境分析工具和解决方案。这需要科学家和食物链利益相关人紧密合作。本文提出了一整套以可持续食物生产为特征的目标方案。综合和系统分析是用来分析拟定变化的可持续性的主要工具。在本文中我们对"21世纪的食物"的概念进行概述,同时着重说明一些结论。例如,我们发现:就环境影响和产品质量而言,总体上来说,有机农业及其产品并不比常规的产品和方法优越。项目所采用的一些管理经验非常独特,这也是项目成功完成的重要原因,所以本文中我们对此也进行了总结。
Food 21,an interdisciplinary research program encompassing the whole agro-food chain, was conducted in Sweden during 1997?004.The challenges undertaken were to come up with environmental tools and solutions to existing nonsustainable practices along the entire food chain.This required close collaboration between the scientists and the food chain stakeholders.A set of goals characterizing sustainable food production is presented in this paper.Synthesis and systems analysis were the main tools used to analyze the sustainability of proposed changes.In this introduction we give an overview of the Food 21 concept and highlight some results.For example,we found that organic farming and organic products were not in general superior to conventional products and practices with respect to environmental impact and product quality.We also summarize the management experiences in this article,since we consider them to be rather unique and since they contributed to the overall success of the program.
