摘要
为了研究未来的可持续生产系统,本文采用循序渐进的方法,基于不同可持续发展目标,设计了3种生猪生产情景。第一种情景集中考虑动物福利和动物的自然行为。第二种情景则以对环境影响最小,有效利用自然资源为目标。第三种情景以产品质量和安全为目标。每一种情景各自实现可持续发展不同方面的目标,但是这些目标存在着冲突,没有哪种情景能够实现所有的目标。之后,将情景参数化,使用生命周期评估(LCA)方法,计算各自对环境的影响,并用同一套数据计算经济成本。计算结果是,每公斤猪肉成本以动物福利情景最高,其它两种情景成本较为接近。环境情景的环境影响最低,产品质量情景的环境影响最大。最后,基于未来的不同优先序,讨论各个结果。
To study future,sustainable production systems,a stepwise method was used to create three future scenarios for pig production based on different sustainability goals.The first scenario focused on animal welfare and the natural behavior of the animals.The second targeted low impacts on the environment and the efficient use of natural resources.The third scenario aimed at product quality and safety.Each scenario fulfilled different aspects of sustainability,but there were goal conflicts because no scenario fulfilled all sustainability goals.The scenarios were then parameterized.The environmental impact was calculated using the life-cycle assessment (LCA) methodology,and the economic cost was calculated from the same data set.The cost per kilo of pork was highest for the animal welfare scenario and similar for the other two scenarios.The environmental scenario had the lowest environmental impact,and the productquality scenario the highest.The results are discussed based on different future priorities.
