海水养殖杂交鲟的行为习性

Behaviors of maricultured hybrid sturgeon.

对海水养殖条件下杂交鲟的行为习性进行观察.结果表明,杂交鲟对干露的耐受力较强,干露1h存活率100%,干露3h存活率74.1%;食性可以驯化,能以全植物性蛋白源为饲料,耐饥饿能力强;摄食节律明显,在水泥池内养殖形成早晨、傍晚两个摄食高峰,深水网箱养殖在接近早晨、傍晚的平潮或停潮时间内形成两个摄食高峰,在这两个摄食高峰的摄食量超过日摄食总量的50%;水泥池养殖的杂交鲟具有昼伏夜出习性,深水网箱养殖的杂交鲟流急时在网箱底部活动、流缓时到水层中游动;杂交鲟抗流速、抗波浪能力较美国红鱼差、较大黄鱼强.杂交鲟能较快适应海水养殖环境,放入深水网箱养殖的杂交鲟规格宜在400g左右.

The study on the behaviors of hybrid sturgeon under mariculture conditions showed that hybrid sturgeon had a stronger endurance to the exposure in air, with 100 % and 70,. 1% of livability after 1 h and 3 h exposure, respectively. The feeding habit of hybrid sturgeon could be domesticated, i. e., all kinds of vegetal proteinic food could be used as feedstuff. Hybrid sturgeon also had a strong hunger resistance. An obvious ingestion rhythm was observed, with two peaks in the morning and evening when breeding in cement pool, and during slack tide and tidal stand when breeding in deep water cage. At the two peaks, the ingestion exceeded 50 % of that in the whole day. The hybrid sturgeon in cement pool had the habit of hiding during the day and coming out at night, while that in deep water cage stayed at the base in riptide and swam in slack tide. Hybrid sturgeon had a weaker resistance to riptide and wave than American red snapper, but a stronger resistance than yellow croaker. Hybrid sturgeon could quickly adapt the surroundings, and be a good species to mariculture in deep water cage. The appropriate size of hybrid sturgeon bred in deep water cage should be about 400 g.