沼气发酵残余物应用于金丝小枣栽培的初步研究

Application of biogas fermentation residue in Ziziphus jujuba cultivation.

通过田间试验比较了沼气发酵残余物(沼渣和沼液)和化肥对金丝小枣部分形态特征、土壤肥力和果实品质等的影响.结果表明,施用沼渣和沼液能显著增强植株和枣果抗病、抗逆能力;改良土壤肥力状况,有机碳、总氮和矿质氮分别比化肥组对照高42.65%、37.61%和35.26%;降低土壤碱度,土壤pH值由8.75下降到8.21;增加土壤微生物量,微生物碳和氮量分别比对照高59.44%和56.06%;提高果实品质,其中粗纤维、维生素C、总氨基酸、微量元素铁和磷的含量分别比对照高27.69%、24.85%、19.81%、10.89%和5.26%.表明将沼气发酵残余物应用于金丝小枣栽培能给枣农带来良好的经济收益和环境效益,为金丝小枣的无公害生产提供了新思路.

With field experiment, this paper studied the effects of applying biogas fermentation residue （dregs and slurry） on jujube growth, its fruit quality, and soil fertility. The results showed that biogas fermentation residue could enhance the disease-resistance of jujube plant and its fruit, and improve fruit quality and soil fertility. Compared with applying chemical fertilizers （the control）, biogas fermentation residue increased the contents of jujube fruit coarse fiber, vitamin C, amino acids, Fe and P by 27.69 %, 24.85 %, 19.81%, 10.89 % and 5.26 %, and of soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and mineral nitrogen by 42.65 %, 37.61% and 35.26%, respectively. The soil pH was decreased from 8.75 to 8.21. Biogas fermentation residue could also increase the amount of soil microorganisms. The microbial biomass-C and biomass-N were 5;9.44 % and 56.06 % higher than the control, respectively. It was suggested that biogas fermentation residue application could bring better economic and environmental benefits for Z. jujuba cultivation, and also, provide a new approach for no-pollution production of jujube.