大量程扭转试验机标定及扭力扳手设计方法的研究

The Calibration for Mass Torsion Machine and Investigation of Designing Torsion Wrenches

以往的扭力扳手中测量元件多为圆柱体形状,通过测量柱体剪应力来标定扭矩,而圆柱形材料抗扭强度低,导致扭矩测量量程范围较小,不能进行大扭矩测量。文中利用悬臂梁力学模型,提出了利用杠杆原理、应变电测和挠度测量三种不同的测量方法进行扭力扳手的设计方案,并且制造了一个简易装置在扭转试验机上进行了标定测试,取得了很高的测量精度。

The measuring components are usually shaped in the form of cylinder in former torsion wrenches. The calibration of torsion torque is determined by the measurement of shearing stress in the cylinder. However, the torsion stiffness is relatively low in cylinder materials. Thus, the measurement range for the contortion is somewhat narrow and is unfit for the measurement of mass torsion torque. With cantilever beam model, based on three different methods, namely, leverage theory, electronic strain measurement and flexibility measurement, a special design has been obtained for the case of torsion wrenches. Moreover, a simple device has been made for the purpose of calibration on torsion testing machine. The results obtained by the experiments are in high precision.