二元经济中城乡混合基尼系数的计算与分解

Calculation and Decomposition of the Overall Gini Coefficient in Dual Economies

关于基尼系数计算方法的文献已经十分丰富,但专门计算城乡混合基尼系数的理论方法,却一直没有得到很好的解决,这导致全国收入分配长期变化方面的某些研究难以深入。本文建立了城乡混合基尼系数的新算法,并给出新的分解形式,同时还提出并论证了度量城乡差距的新指标。该分解形式具有明确的经济含义和理论意义,并且不依赖于“城乡收入分布不重叠”的假定。利用这一分解形式的经济含义,我们分析了几个重要理论问题。最后,应用新算法计算并分解了中国个别年份的城乡混合基尼系数,以检验新算法的有效性。

The calculating methods of Gini Coefficient have been very abundant, but it has not been settled that how to calculate the overall Gini Coefficient including city and country in dual economies, which blocks deeply researches in the countrywide income distribution. This paper sets up a new calculating method of the overall Gini Coefficient, and gives a new decomposition method of the overall Gini Coefficient. Moreover, we put forward and reason a new index about the disparity between the rural and the urban, Then, we analyzed some theoretical questions by use of the new decomposition method. At last, we calculated and decomposed the overall Gini Coefficient of individual year in China to test the validity of the new method.