烧伤感染创面细菌生态学变化

Ecological Changes of Bacteria in Infected Burn Wounds

烧伤创面是细菌生长的良好环境，除可导致局部感染外，还可诱发全身性严重感染。为进一步了解烧伤创面的菌种变化，我们对1987～1988和1989～199O年这两个时期的菌种情况进行了调查，结果发现，1987～1988这两年内的74株细菌中常见的6种细菌中，依次为假单胞绿脓杆菌（Pseudomonasaerusinosa）、金黄色葡萄球菌（Stanhvlococcusaureus）、表皮葡萄球菌（Staphylococcusepidermidis）、k肠杆菌（Escherichiacoli）、白色葡萄球菌（Staphylococcusalbus）及枯草杆菌（Bacillussubtilis）。1989～1990年共培养出菌种151株，常见的6种细菌依次为金黄色葡萄球菌、假单胞绿脓杆菌、臭鼻克雷伯氏杆菌（Klebsiellaozaenae）、阴沟肠杆菌（Enterobactercloacae）粘质沙雷氏杆菌（Serratiamarcescens）和枯草杆菌。作者认为，发生上述变化的原因与该院长期使用磺胺嘧啶银及对肠杆菌科细菌敏感性强的抗菌药物有关，并提出要重视对肠杆菌细菌的防治，尤其是对阴沟杆菌、臭鼻克雷伯氏杆菌的防治。由于真菌的检出率的上升，也应防治。

)Burn wounds provide favorable environment forbacteria growth. Local and systemic infections mayoccur. During the period from 1987 to 1988 and from1989 to 1990, the author made investigation two timeson the bacteria strains isolated from burn wounds. In1987 to 1988, among the 74 strains isolated and cul-tured, 6 strains most commonly seen included Pseu-domonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus albus and Bacillus subtilis. In 1989 to1990, among the 151 strains isclated and cultured, 6strains most commonly seen included Staphylococcusaureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella ozae-nae, Enterobacter cloacae, Serratia marcesceus andBacillus subtilis.The author suggested that this ecological changeof bacteria in burn wound is due to long term applica-tion of sulfadiazine silver and other antibacterial drugsin the hospital and stressed the importance of the pre-vention and treatment of enterobacterial infections,Enterobacter cloacae and Klebsiella ozaenae in par-ticular. Prevention and treatment of fungal infectionsare also very important because the detectable rate offungus in increasing.