链脲佐菌素诱导糖尿病大鼠垂体－甲状腺轴形态学研究

The morphological studies of the pituitary-thyroid axis in the streptozotocin-diabetic rats

对链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠（持续高血糖３个月）的甲状腺和垂体的促甲状腺激素（ＴＳＨ）分泌细胞，进行形态定性及计量研究。通过光镜及电镜观察，发现糖尿病大鼠的甲状腺有形态学改变，而垂体ＴＳＨ分泌细胞的细胞器无器质性改变，其分泌ＴＳＨ的功能受损。结果说明，糖尿病时甲状腺功能低下，与该疾病对甲状腺所产生的形态学改变有关，而垂体分泌促激素功能受损也可能为致病因素之一。

The morphological changes of thyroid and pituitary glands in streptozotocin-diabetic rats were studied.On histological examination,the thyroid epithelial thickness was decreased and large colloidfilled acini were seen.Under electron microscopy,thyroid epithelial cells were flattened.Small apical exocytotic and large endocytotic vesicles were scanty.Rough endoplasmic reticulum cisternae were enlarged and their contents were less electron-dense.Degenerated mitochondia and rough endoplasmic reticulum were seen.In pituitary of diabetic rats,besides numerical density of the secretory granules in thyrotrophs was significantly increased,the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the mitochondria were the same as the control in morphology.It shows that TSH synthesis of the thyrotrophs is normal,but TSH release is impaired.These studies indicate that severe pathological changes in the thyroid of diabetic rats appear to be responsible for the impaired function of the gland.Moreover,reduced TSH release in the pituitary gland may also be a factor in the impaired function of the thyroid gland.