中国的“核司令”程开甲

CHENG Kai-jia, China's Nuclear Commander

程开甲院士是中国第一颗原子弹研制的开拓者之一,核武器试验事业的创始人之一。他在国内第一个计算出原子弹爆炸的弹心温度和压力,其内爆机理研究解决了原子弹的关键问题。他设计和主持了首次原子弹、氢弹、导弹核武器和增强型原子弹等不同方式的几十次核试验,推动了核武器设计、改进和试验技术协调发展。他是核试验总体技术的设计者,及时提出了向地下核试验方式转变的建议并在较短的时间里组织实现了大气层试验向平洞与竖井试验的转变。1999年被授予“两弹一星”功勋科学家称号。

CHENG Kai-jia, Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. He is one of the originators worked on the Chinese first domestic-developing atomic bomb, and the Chinese nuclear weapon tests undertaking. He is the first scientist who calculated the temperature and pressure in core parts of the atomic bomb explosion in China. He has solved many essential problems on the atomic bomb. Through some different methods, he designed and directed many kinds of nuclear experiments, such as the first atomic bomb experiments, the hydrogen bomb experiments, the guided missile nuclear experiments, and anti-nuclear reinforcement experiments etc. All these experiments have impelled the developments of nuclear weapon designing and developing, and the coordination of developing nuclear experiments greatly. As the general designer of overall technology, he promptly suggested that we should take the plan of underground nuclear tests. And in a short time, he organized and finished the changing from the atmosphere experiments to the even-hole and shaft experiments. Because of his great contribution, he was given an honorary titled “Meritorious scientist of two bombs and one satellite”.