大鼠颈部异位移植心脏心肌梗死模型的建立

Development of a novel model of myocardial infarction based on cervical heart transplantation in rats

目的:在大鼠颈部异位心脏移植模型的基础上,建立新型的急性心肌梗死模型。方法:成年雄性Lew is大鼠作为供、受者,首先用液氮预冷的金属棒接触供者心脏的左心室壁20 s,取下供者心脏后将其主动脉和肺动脉分别与受者的右颈总动脉和右颈外静脉吻合。术后观察移植心脏的搏动情况,并进行病理学检查。结果:正式实验50次,血流开放后94%的移植心脏复跳,76%的移植心脏跳动达到7 d,病理检查证实冷冻区域心肌变性坏死且界线清楚。结论:新型的大鼠急性心肌梗死模型具有成功率高、并发症少、易于观察等优点。梗死心脏循环途径的独特性决定了该模型能够用于经冠状动脉细胞移植治疗心肌梗死的实验研究。

Objective：To develop a novel model of myocardial infarction based on cervical heart transplantation in rats. Methods：Male adult inbred isogenic Lewis rats（8-10 weeks old） were used as donors and recipients. First, myocardial damage was obtained in the hearts of donor rats by placing a frozen metal rod on the left ventricular wall for 20 seconds. Second, the injured hearts were procured and preserved in cool normal saline containing heparin. Third, the donor aorta and pulmonary artery were anastomosed to the recipient right common carotid artery and right external jugular vein, respectively. The pulsation of donor hearts was observed and the pathological examination were performed postoperatively. Results： 50 formal transplantations were performed. 94% of the cryo-injured transplanted hearts beated again after reperfusion and 76% of them were beating for no less than 7 days. The myocardial degeneration and necrosis with clear border were identified by pathology. Condusions：A novel model of myocardial infarction with higher survival rate was developed successfully, which invovled relatively fewer complications and was easy to observe. The special feature of the circulation pathway of infacrted heart made it possible for this model to be used in experimental studies on the treatment of myocardial infarction by intracoronary cell transplantation.