新生儿败血症病原菌构成及药敏分析

Composition of pathogenic bacteria in neonatal septicemia and analyses of drug sensitivity

目的：了解近年本地区新生儿败血症病原菌构成及细菌耐药状况指导临床治疗。方法：对2000年1月～2004年12月收治的108例新生儿败血症的临床资料进行分析。结果：108例均为单一菌种生长，其中凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（CNS）61株，金黄色葡萄球菌（金葡菌）25株，大肠杆菌10株，肠球菌5株。葡萄球菌对青霉素、氨苄青霉素、红霉素的耐药率均在90％以上，敏感药物有万古霉素、利福平、氯霉素、氟喹诺酮类。革兰阴性杆菌对氨苄青霉素耐药率为100％，敏感药物有亚胺培南、氨曲南、头孢吡肟、阿米卡星。结论：CNS为目前本地区新生儿败血症的主要致病菌，多重耐药菌致新生儿感染是最棘手的临床问题，治疗需以药敏检测为依据。

Objective：To investigate the composition of pathogenic bacteria in neonatal septicemia and the antimicrobial resistance of these bacteria in recent years and this region and to guide the clinical treatment. Methods：To make an analysis of clinical data of 108 patients between Jan. 2001 and Dec. 2004. Results：All 108 cases are single bacterium, including 61 coagulase negative staphylococci（ CNS）, 25 Staphylococcus aureus, 10 colibacillus, 5 enterococeus. The antimicrobial resistance of staphylococcus to penicillin or ampieillin or erythromycin was all above 90%. The sensitive drugs were vancomycin, rifampicin, chloramphenicol and fluoroquinolone. The antimicrobial resistance of gram-negative bacillus to ampicillin was 100%. while sensitive drugs were imipenem, aztreonam, cefepime and amikacin. Condusion：CNS was the main pathogenic bacterium in neonatal septicemia at present and in the region, the most knotty problem was the infection of neonate caused by many antimicrobial resistant bacteria. Medication should follow the result of surveillance of antimicrobial resistance.