国际航空运输领域侵权行为法律适用问题研究

Studies of the Application of Law to the Tortuous Conduct in the Field of International Carriage by Air

航空法是一个复杂的法律部门,既包括公法又包括私法,既包括国际法又包括国内法。航空器高速飞行和跨界运输的特点,加之各国航空运输领域民事责任立法之间的歧异,不免引发国际航空运输有关法律关系的法律冲突。华沙公约体系也只是在有限的范围内仅仅调整航空运输责任问题,而大量案件的处理需要由冲突规范来指引。受海商法的影响,航空法中的国旗国法原则逐渐被各国实践及公约所接受,但是,与船舶主要航行在无主权存在的海域航行不同,飞机主要在主权国家的上空,所以航空运输侵权行为能在多大范围内适用国旗国法原则是一个亟待解决的问题。本文主要从国际私法角度对航空运输侵权行为法律适用规则中的国旗国法原则及例外作初步探讨。

Air law is a complex legal branch complicated with public law and private law, international law and domestic law The big difference in domestic laws and the characteristic of the aircraft of high speed contributes to the conflicts of law in many legal relationships. Much civil aviation cases have to be dealt with by the guide of the legal conflicts rules. Warsaw System only can be limitedly applied in the scope of transportation liability influenced by the Maritime Law, many countries and treaties gradually accepted the principle of the law of the flag. But aircraft often fly over the sovereign areas, while the vessel of ten navigate on the High Sea, so the emergence question is to make sure the extent to which the principle of the law of the flag can be applied. This article deeply analyzes the application rules of air law,mainly from the aspect of tort.