从“人”的角度看环境史家与年鉴学派的异同

On the similarities and differences between environmental history and annals school from the perspective of humankind

环境史家与年鉴学派共同方面在于对“人”的角色及其活动的更新和丰富。在他们那里,历史文本不再单单凸显“大人物”的卓越贡献及其活动的恢弘场面,还将传统史学遗弃的“小人物”由历史的他者还原为主体。但是,在对人与环境之关系的认识、对历史创造者的认知、对人的活动范围及其影响的自然要素的涉及,以及对人的活动的记述或再现等方面,二者则各具特色。

This essay analyses the similarities and differences between environmental history and Annals School from the perspective of humankind, One similarity between them is to renew and enrich the rule and activity of humankind, therefore, the historical texts of both Annals School and environmental historians did not only highlight the outstanding contributions and extensive activities of the elite, but also restored nonelite, forsaken by traditional historiography, from others of history to subjects, However, they have their own uniqueness on the knowledge of the relationship between men and environment, the cognition of the creators of history, the involvement with the sphere of human activities and their influences to nature, and the narration or reproduction of human activities.