认知老化过程中视觉功能、加工速度和工作记忆的关系

Relationship between visual function, processing speed and working memory in cognitive aging

目的探讨视觉功能、加工速度和工作记忆在认知老化过程中的关系。方法采用临床测查和心理测验法对217名社区老人的视敏度、加工速度和工作记忆进行考察。结果结构方程模型分析表明,年龄对视觉功能的效应值为-0.76,视觉功能对加工速度的效应值为-0.34,加工速度对工作记忆的效应值为-0.68。潜变量“视觉功能”对两个观测指标左右眼视敏度的解释率为0.13和0.11。结论视觉功能、加工速度和工作记忆的老化存在视觉功能-加工速度-工作记忆这样一条层级关系;视敏度不是视觉功能的最好观测指标,尚需寻找更为合适的指标来表达视觉功能的含义。

Objective To explore the relationship of visual function, processing speed and working memory in cognitive aging. Methods Visual acuity, processing speed and working memory of 217 old community persons were determined by clinical measure and cognitive test. Results Structural equation model analysis indicated that the direct effects from age on visual function was - 0.76, from visual function on processing speed was - 0.34 and that from speed on working memory was - 0.68. Visual function accounted for the variance in left and right visual acuity were 0.13 and 0.11, respectively. Conclusions The aging of visual function, processing speed and working memory fitted a hierarchical model that was ＂visual function → processing speed → working memory＂. Visual acuity was not the best indicator of visual function. More sensitive indicators needed to be found to measure visual function.