含氮硼酸酯润滑添加剂的抗磨性能及其摩擦化学机理

ANTIWEAR FUNCTION AND MECHANISM OF A NITROGEN-CONTAINING BORATE ESTER AS LUBRICANT ADDITIVE

采用Falex销和V型块磨损实验、四球长磨实验和X-射线衍射等方法对含氮硼酸酯润滑添加剂的抗磨性能及其作用机理进行了分析。Falex销和V型块磨损实验表明,所评价的含氮硼酸酯润滑油添加剂的抗磨性能要优于二烷基二硫代磷酸锌(ZDDP)类添加剂。四球长磨实验还表明,该硼酸酯添加剂与ZDDP类添加剂具有优秀的抗磨协同作用,这对研制低磷发动机油具有重要的意义。含氮硼酸酯的作用机理在于两个方面:硼酸酯在摩擦表面的强吸附作用(硼酸酯铁的形成);在摩擦表面生成具有层状结构的氮化硼化合物。

Falex pin and vee block test, four- ball wear test and X - ray diffractometer （XRD） were employed to evaluate the antiwear function and mechanism of a nitrogen - containing borate ester as lubricant additive. Falex pin and vee block test showed, the borate ester is better than zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate （ZDDP） type additives in the antiwear performance. Fourball wear test indicated, the borate ester and ZDDP additive are antiwear synergistic, which is much useful in developing low- phosphorus engine oils. The antiwear mechanism of the borate additive relies on the following two aspects： the strong adsorption of borate ester in rubbing surface （with the formation of iron borate）, and the formation of boron nitride with the ordered layer - lattice structure.