抑郁障碍青少年父母养育方式、应对方式归因风格及其相关性研究

The study of rearing,coping,attributional style and their relations in depression adolescents

目的探讨抑郁障碍青少年父母养育方式、应对方式、归因风格及其相关性。方法连续收集64例门诊及住院抑郁障碍青少年患者,采用自编社会人口学资料表、父母养育方式评价量表(EMBU)、儿童归因风格问卷(CASQ)、应对方式问卷对其进行相应测查,并同时对125例正常对照青少年进行测查。结果与正常青少年相比,抑郁障碍青少年父母亲温暖理解[父亲(42.31±8.22)分;母亲(43.63±10.39)分]、惩罚严厉[父亲(20.13±6.26)分;母亲(15.75±6.17)分]和拒绝否认[父亲(12.81±4.50)分;母亲(18.56±5.68)分]因子得分均差异有显著性,应对方式中自责(0.59±0.29)、求助(0.51±0.19)、幻想(0.70±0.18)及退避(0.60±0.19)因子差异有显著性,归因风格(25.69±5.65)亦差异有显著性。与应对方式和归因风格相关的养育方式有父亲过干涉、母亲温暖理解和母亲拒绝否认。结论抑郁障碍青少年存在消极应对和悲观归因,不良养育方式可能与其有关。

Objective To explore rearing,coping, attributional style and their relations in depression adolescents. Methods 64 adolescents with depressive disorder and 125 normal subjects of similar age, sex were presented by the self-made social demographic scale, EMBU, CASQ and the Coping Style Questionnaire. Results It was shown that a deficit in parental emotional warmth （42.31±8.22,43.63±10.39 ）, punishment and strict （20.13±6.26,15.75±6.17 ）, a high level of rejection, denial （ 12.81±4.50,18.56±5.68 ）, among depressions and the difference of self-blame（0.59±0.29） ,asking for help（0.51 ±0.19）, daydreaming（0.70±0.18）, recession（0.60±0.19）, attributional pattern（25.69±5.65） were significant too. Conclusion Depressive adolescents had negative coping style and attributional style, and rearing style may related to them.