吸烟患者离断手指再植术后血管危象发生率影响的临床调查

Investigation on occurring rate of vascular crisis of patients who smoked and received replanted digit

目的调查吸烟患者断指再植术后血管危象的发生率,探讨有效的护理措施。方法采用问卷调查法,对吸烟组57例(88指)与不吸烟组50例(83指)进行调查,观察记录再植断指血管危象发生率及救治结果,并进行统计学分析。结果吸烟组血管危象发生率明显高于不吸烟组(P<0.05);吸烟组血管危象救治成功率明显低于不吸烟组(P<0.05);吸烟患者每日吸烟量与血管危象发生率间有统计学意义(P<0.05);吸烟患者的吸烟年限与血管危象发生率的关系不明显(P>0.05)。结论吸烟可使再植断指血管危象的发生率增高并降低危象救治成功率,应加强对断指再植长期吸烟患者的健康教育及术后护理,最大限度地提高再植断指的成功率。

Objective To investigate the occurring rate of vascular crisis of patients who smoked and received replanted digit and explore effective nursing methods. Methods 107 patients （171 fingers） were divided into control group（50 patients, 83 fingers, no smoking） and smoking group（57 patients, 88 fingers） and investigated by questionnaires. The occurring rates of vascular crisis of replanted digits and treatment effects in two groups were observed. Results The occurring rate of vascular crisis in smoking group was higher than that in control group （P 〈 0.05）. The survival rate of replanted digits after vascular crisis in smoking group was lower than that in control group （P 〈 0.05）. The amount of cigarette everyday was related to the rate of vascular crisis （P 〈 0.05）, but smoking years was not correlative with the occurring rate of vascular crisis （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusions Smoking increases the incidence of vascular crisis of replanted digits and decreases the rate of successful treatment. Postoperative nursing and health education should be strengthened for the smoking patients with digit replantation in order to increased the incidence of successful digit replantation.