科学活动中的利益冲突及其控制

Conflicts of Interest in Scientific Activity and Their Control

科学活动中由于经济因素的渗入充满了利益冲突。利益冲突主要是研究者同时为两个机构工作并从中获得个人利益时,利益因素影响或危及研究者做出正确、客观和公正的专业判断的一种境况,包括管理冲突、实际和潜在冲突、委托事项冲突等。利益冲突产生的根源是个人获利,形成的工具是受利益影响的研究者偏见。这些利益冲突可以通过自我约束、同行评价、政府干预、立法规范、过程公开、内容公开和处罚进行控制。

There are a lot of conflicts of interest in scientific activities because of their intermingling with financial interests. Conflicts of interest mean that when the investigators work for two institutions at the same time and get individual benefits, the interest factor will affect or endanger them to make right, objective and just judgement, which includes the administrative conflict, actual and latent conflict, conflict of commitment etc, The seeds of conflict of interest are all kinds of personal gains. The tool of conflict of interest is investigator＇s bias that produced by interests. These conflicts of interest can be controlled by self- control, peer review, government control, institutional policies and procedures, content and process of disclosure and sanctions.