下呼吸道非发酵菌耐药性分析及抗感染治疗对策

Antimicrobial resistance of nonfermentaters isolated fromlower respiratory and antibiotics therapy in hospital

目的分析我院非发酵菌感染的耐药情况，以指导临床合理使用抗菌药物。方法回顾性总结2002-2003年我院分离出的374株非发酵菌，对其检出率及药敏结果进行统计、分析。结果下呼吸道非发酵菌检出率为36．2％，其中铜绿假单胞菌最常见（54．3％），其次为鲍曼不动杆菌（23．5％），嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌呈上升趋势（6．5％）；铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌耐药性较高。结论我院下呼吸道感染中非发酵菌检出率高且耐药性强，头孢哌酮／舒巴坦等含酶抑制荆的复食型抗菌药物对非发酵菌有较高的敏感性。

Abstract： Objective： To evaluate the antimicrobial resistance of nonfermentaters and antibiotics therapy in hospital. Methods： The isolation rate and antimicrobial resistance of 374 identified nonferrnentaters in our hospital from 2002 to 2003 were retrospectively analyzed. Results： The isolation rate of nonfermentaters from lower respiratory tract was 36.2%, the most common pathogen was Pseudomonas aeruginosa （54. 3%）, the next was Acinetobacter baumannii （23. 5%） and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia （6. 5%）. All these bacterial pathogens expressed multidrug-resistant phenotype. Conclusions： The isolation rate of nonfermentaters is rather high in nosocomial infection in patients of our hospital. And the nonfermentaters have high sensitive rate and low antimicrobial resistance rate to cefoperazone/sulbaetam,