糖尿病患者的生活质量及影响因素

Quality of life of the patients with diabetes mellitus and its inflencing factors

本研究旨在通过对糖尿病（ＤＭ）患者生活质量（ＱＯＬ）及其影响因素的调查，了解ＤＭ患者ＱＯＬ的改变情况，从而提出医院、社区和家庭对ＤＭ患者的护理工作重点，为改进ＤＭ患者ＱＯＬ的护理措施提供依据。研究采用调查问卷方式收集资料，共收集有效样本１４３例。结果发现：ＤＭ患者ＱＯＬ的改变中，以记忆力减退、注意力不集中最为明显，其次是情绪异常改变、娱乐活动减少、社会适应和工作能力减退。而家务处理、生活自理及家庭关系受影响较少。患者的年龄、文化程度、病情、并发症、健康状况、社会及家庭环境均影响其ＱＯＬ。

Quality of life is a comprehesive index for judging individual's physiological,psychological and social function and living condition. There were 143 patients with diabetes mellitus,based on WHO diagnosis standard, hospitalized' in PLA general hospital participated in the study. Investigation instrument included 156 questions(3 aspects) in total. The content of quality of life consisted of 14 items ,covering physiological,psychological,social function and living conditions. The results showed that many abnormal changes of quality of life were found in the patients with diabetes mellitus. Among them the impaired memory and concentration were most obvious. And less important changes were abnormal emotional reactions, reducing of entertainment activities, social adaptation and work ability. The age, degree of education,condition of the illness,complications,social and family background had effects on the quality of life.