水库可持续利用初步探讨

Preliminary study of the reservoir sustainable use

多沙河流上修建水库,泥沙淤积是危及水库可持续利用的主要原因。本文通过分析水库运用过程中的泥沙淤积变化,展示了水库淤积对水库防洪和工程效益的影响。以溪洛渡水库为例,指出在目前“蓄清排浑”运用模式情况下,水库淤积虽然能够得到相当程度的控制,但仍不能确保主要防洪和兴利库容的长期使用。对泥沙调度仍有相当优化和进一步减淤的必要性。研究表明,充分利用调度和设计潜力,水厍的有效库容能够得到更多和更长期的保留,以实现可持续利用。

Reviewing on the operation mode of reservoirs from flood detention and sediment flushing to storing clear and discharging muddy water, the cognition process of reservoir as non-sustainable use to sustainable use is demonstrated. The reservoir names Xiluodu is taken as a case study to explain that although sedimentation could be controlled to certain extent by means of adopting the mode of storing clear and discharging muddy water, the effective capacity would still not be adequately preserved for long term use. In this case, sedimentation regulation could be optimized to a considerable degree to reduce the sediment deposition. Computational results show that much more capacity can be preserved by the present mode, if lower flood control level（FCL） could be used. In addition to this, plenty runoff of the Yangtze fiver guaranties the refilling of the reservoir after the floods. By slight change of the present design and management, the effective capacity of Xiluodu for the future could be preserved to a much more extent to achieve the reservoir sustainability of the project.