简论科学本质观的类型与特征

The Type and Feature about the Essential View of Science

科学本质观是人们对科学本质问题的认识。从科学哲学的视角来看,可以把科学本质观分为传统的科学本质观与现代的科学本质观两类,传统的科学本质观主要有经验主义科学本质观、理性主义科学本质观和逻辑实证主义科学本质观;现代的科学本质观主要有证伪主义科学本质观、历史主义科学本质观和建构主义科学本质观。文章粗略地分析了这两类科学本质观的基本特征。

he essential view of science is people's understanding of the essential question of science. According to philosophy of science, we can divide the essential view of science into two kinds, modern and tradition, the traditional essential view of science mainly include empiricism, rationalism and logical positivism; modem essential view of science mainly include fal-sificationism, historism and costructivism. This paper have roughly analysed the basic features about these two kinds of scientific essential views.