蒌蒿重金属富集特征与食用安全性研究

Absorption to Heavy Metal and Edible Safety of Seleng Wormwood

通过市场取样,结合土壤镉(Cd)本底值与Cd污染介质试验,研究了青蒿和白蒿品种对Cd、铬(Cr)、铅(Pb)等重金属的富集特性和品种差异,以及作为茎叶菜食用的安全性。市场抽样显示,不同产地、市场和品种的蒌蒿食用部位均出现Cd的富集,达0.096～0.300mg·kg-1;土壤试验证明蒌蒿是一种Cd、Zn的超量积累植物,品种间差异不显著;盆栽试验证实蒌蒿根、茎、叶有强的Cd富集性,器官Cd含量为根>茎>叶,在20～240mg·kg-1的污染砂土中,根、茎、叶的Cd含量最高分别为532.9、207.1、106.5mg·kg-1。按照无公害标准,蒌蒿重金属含量超标,食用不安全。

By sampling from market and experiments in soil with natural Cd content and in potted medium with Cd contaminated, the absorption for Cd, Cr, Pb, Zn, Hg, As and the differences between cuhivars and edible safety of Seleng wormwood were investigated. Market samples in Shanghai markets from the various production districts showed that Cd contents in edible parts of Seleng wormwood could reach 0.3 mg· kg ^- 1 which is higher than 0.05 mg · kg^- 1 of upper limit of the vegetable standards. In the soil experiment, Seleng wormwood was a type of Cd and Zn accumulated plant, and the contents of the other heavy metals were below the limit, but there was no significant difference between Qinghao and Baihao. In the Cd contaminated sandy medium, there was a high Cd content in the roots, stems and leaves of Seleng wormwood, and the order for Cd absorption from high to low in above organs was that roots, stems and leaves. The maximum in roots, stems and leaves was 532.9,207.1 and 106.5 mg · kg^-1 when the Cd content in the medium was 240 mg · kg^-1. According to the standards of non-polluted products, Seleng wormwood could not be edible.