山东、四川部分区县环境和食物中氟化物水平调查

Investigation on Fluoride Levels in Environment and Food

目的了解调查地区环境和食物中氟化物的水平。方法采用燃烧水解-氟离子选择电极法测定土壤中氟化物的含量;离子选择电极法直接测定饮水中氟化物的含量,扩散-氟离子选择电极法测定粮食和蔬菜样品中氟化物的含量。结果山东和四川省调查地区饮用水氟化物的含量为0．14-0．39 mg/L,符合我国生活饮用水卫生标准(CB 5749-1985);调查地区土壤氟化物含量为175．4-625．1 mg/kg;调查地区6种粮食氟化物的含量, 除四川邛崃县面粉外,其他均符合我国粮食含氟标准;调查地区蔬菜氟化物的含量除山东淄川的韭菜、油菜氟超出限值(1mg/kg)4倍和0．9倍,四川邛崃干辣椒氟超出限值(1 mg/kg)4倍外,其余各类蔬菜氟化物含量为0．028- 0．694 mg/kg,均在我国相应的标准限值内。结论调查地区环境和主要食物中氟化物的浓度是安全的,居民对氟的摄入处于安全水平。

Objective To understand the fluoride levels in environmental and food samples in the investigated areas. Methods Diffusion- fluoride selective electrode method was adopted for determination of fluoride in main food and vegetable. Combustion hydrolysis - fluoride selective electrode method was adopted for determination of fluoride in soil, and fluoride selective electrode method was adopted for determination of fluoride in drinking water. Results The fluoride levels in the collected samples such as main food, vegetable, drinking water and soil were determined, and the results showed that the range of fluoride of drinking water in the investigated areas of Shandong and Sichuan provinces was 0.14- 0.39mg/L, corresponding with the fluoride limited value of the National Sanitation Standard of Drinking Water （GB 5750- 1985） ; the range of fluoride of soil in the investigated areas was 175.4- 625.1 mg/kg; The fluoride in the six kinds of main food in the investigated areas corresponded with the fluoride limited value of the National Sanitation Standard of Food; For vegetable samples in the investigated areas, the contents of fluoride in leck and cole of Zichuan county Shandong province were 4 times and 0.9 times that of limited value（1 mg/kg）, respectively. And content of fluoride in dry chili of Qionglai county Siehuan province was 4 times that of linited value. The range of fluoride in the other vegetable samples was between 0.028 and 0.694 mg/kg, corresponding with the fluoride limited value of the National Sanitation Standard of Food. Condusion The fluoride levels of environmental and main food samples in the investigated areas are safe, and the intake of fluoride for the residealts is also safe.