中国古代教育家理想中的教师标准探究

The Ideal Image and Standards of Teachers in the Writings of Chinese Ancient Educationists

尊师重道是中华民族的优良传统,古人对教师提出了许多条件,可称为早期的教师标准。中国古代的教师标准,实际上有两个体系,一是教育家笔下理想的教师形象与标准,二是统治者选拔“学官”的具体标准。本文主要对前者进行梳理与分析,包括教师的道德标准、教师的职业形象、知识标准、教育能力标准以及社会服务等五个方面,并在此基础上总结其合理的成分,以期对现代教师标准体系的构建提供历史借鉴,以全面提高我国教师培养培训的质量。

To honor the teacher and respect his teaching is an excellent tradition in China. Many qualifications have been put forward to teachers by the ancients, and they can be called the early standards for teachers, in fact, there are two systems of standards for teachers in ancient China： one is the idol image and standards of teachers in the writ ings of the educationists; the other is the concrete standards adopted by the rulers. This article mainly details and analyzers the former, which includes five aspects： the teachers＇ moral standards, professional image, intellective standards, instructional ability standards and their social service. On this basis, this article concludes the reasonable elements of the above, looking forward to supply historical references to the construction of modern standards system for teachers, and to enhance the quality of teacher education in our country completely.