卢卡契:从认识论到本体论的总体性概念

Lukacs's Totality Concept:From Epistemology to Ontology

总体性概念贯穿在卢卡契思想发展的整个过程之中,在早期的《小说理论》中,总体性被理解为生活与本质的统一,一个特定的社会历史阶段即古希腊的文化形式,近代只是在艺术中得到了表达;在《历史与阶级意识》中,总体性指的是只能由无产阶级认识到的资本主义的社会的本质,是无产阶级的意识与其存在的辩证统一,这一总体性只能在无产阶级的阶级意识中得到表达;直到《审美特性》,总体性才被理解为客观存在的社会的历史必然性,因而总体性终于成为马克思主义的本体论的概念。

The concept of totality ran through the whole of Lukacs＇s thought, which was interpreted as the unity of life and essence as well as a cuhuml form of ancient Greece in his early book The Theory of Novel. However, totality was only expressed in the form of art in modem society. In his History and Class Consciousness, totality referred to the nature of capitalism recognized by proletariat, a unity of proletariat consciousness and existence, and it could only be expressed by the class-consciousness of proletariat. It was until the appearance of Aesthetic Features that totality was interpreted as the historical necessity of social existence, and finally became a Marxism ontology concept.