从朝代之国走向民族之国——辛亥革命与民族认同感的建立

From the State of Dynasty to the State of Nation——The Establishment of Xinhai Revolution and Race Identification

辛亥革命在形式上将我们从封建王朝中解放出来,代之以崭新的共和国形式,中国社会自此开始从形式和内容上向现代性的转变,其意义不能低估。民族国家是近代新出现的国家形式,建立民族国家是我们面临的历史任务。在此过程中,经历了从排满到五族共和的曲折,面临的最棘手的问题就是民族认同与现代的“民族意识”的建立。辛亥革命的意义不在于破坏旧秩序,而在于它能否以民族国家的形式使中国进入现代国家之林,从而将中国的抗争汇入到20世纪世界的民族独立运动的潮流,将中国变成世界的一部分。从这个角度看,辛亥革命使中国的面貌焕然一新。

The Xinhai Revolution freed us in form from the feudal dynasty, replacing it with a brand new form, which was the republic. Chinese society began its modern transformation in form and practice since then, and this significance is not to be underestimated. The nation-state was a state form appearing in the modern period. Founding a nation-state was our historical responsibility. During this process, the most complex issue was the establishment of our national identity and modern ＂national awareness＂, which went through the complication from The anti-Manchu attitude to the advocate for a republic of five ethnic races. The significance of The Xinhai Revolution is not destruction, but whether it could help China enter the world of modern countries in the form of a nation-state so that the struggle of China would merge into the current of the national independence movements in the 20th century and become a part of the modern world. Judging from this aspect, The Xinhai Revolution changed the nature of China and gave it a entirely new appearance