族谱中所见王羲之佚文辨伪——兼及族谱在当代文史研究中的作用

Discrimination on WANG Xi-zhi's Belost Works——As Well as the Role of Chinese Genealogies in the Field of Literature and History

在光绪年间所修的浙江、江苏两地的两部蒋氏族谱中,出现了署名王羲之的谱序和传文,但是谱序中记载,在永和十年兰亭修禊之时有蒋家的人向他求序,而求序人的姓名在两篇序文中都不一样,这说明曾经有两批求序者,或者在这一年里有过两次修禊活动,显然是不能成立的。传文中所提到的蒋奕史书里没有任何记载,西晋时期的冠军将军和会稽、吴兴都督也与他无关,可见这些事迹甚至蒋奕这个人都是杜撰的。因此,这几篇署名王羲之的文章,其实都是伪托之作。我们使用族谱资料时,特别是对待其中有关历史名人的资料时,一定要格外谨慎,不可盲从。

The biography and preface under the signature of WANG Xi-zhi appears in two genealo gies of Jiangs＇ compiled during GUANG Xu Period in Zhejiang province and Jiangsu province. The de tails are documented in both prefaces that the member of Jiangs＇ had asked for a foreword from WANG Xi-zhi at Xiuxi Festival of Lanting in Tenth Year of Yonghe Period, however, the names of the persons are different in the two papers. Such result means that there had been two members of Jiangs＇ begging for the preface in turn or the Xiuxi Festival at Lanting had been celebrated twice in one year, but that are both impossible obviously. Moreover, there are no records about Jiang Yi at all in the history materials, and there are no relations between him and General GUAN Jun in Xiiin Dynasty as well as Governors of KUAI Ji and WU Xin. It is evident that the story above and JIANG Yi are all fabricated, therefore, the several articles with the signatures of WANG Xi-zhi are also counterfeit in deed. We can conclude from above that when we use genealogies, we must be cautious about the authenticity of the material especially when it relates to the historiea celebrities.