纳米邻苯二甲酸铅的制备及其对双基推进剂燃烧催化的研究

Preparation of Nano-size Lead Phthalate and its Catalysis for Double-base Propellant Combustion

以邻苯二甲酸氢钾和乙酸铅为原料,采用超声液相分散沉淀法制备了纳米邻苯二甲酸铅粉体。研究了反应温度、反应物浓度以及分散剂用量对配合物粒径的影响。在反应物浓度为0.4mol·L-1、反应温度为10℃、分散剂用量为8%(v/v)时,制得平均粒径为43nm的纳米邻苯二甲酸铅。通过研究纳米邻苯二甲酸铅对双基推进剂燃烧的催化作用,发现纳米邻苯二甲酸铅在2～22MPa范围内能提高双基推进剂的燃速,且使双基推进剂在6～10MPa范围内出现较强的麦撒燃烧效应。与普通邻苯二甲酸铅催化剂相比,纳米邻苯二甲酸铅使双基推进剂燃速高于含普通邻苯二甲酸铅的双基推进剂的燃速,且在6～10MPa范围内压力指数更低。

The nano-size Pb（ Ⅱ ）-phthalate was prepared with potassium phthalate and Pb （Ac）2 · 3H2O by ultrasonic liquid dispersion deposition method. The effects of reaction temperature, reactant concentration, dispersant quantity on particle size of Pb（ Ⅱ ）-phthalate were studied. The nano Pb（ Ⅱ ） -phthalatc with particle size of 43 nm was obtained at 10 ℃ with concentration of 0.4 mol · L^-1 ,and dispersant quantity of 8%. Moreover, the catalysis of nano-size Pb （ Ⅱ ）-phthalate for double-base propellant （ DB propellant） was studied. It is found that nano Pb（ Ⅱ ） -phthalate increases burning rate of DB propellant at 2 - 22 MPa and make DB propellant emerge mesa effect at 6 -10 MPa. Compared with common Pb（ Ⅱ ）-phthalate, nano Pb （ Ⅱ ）-phthalate enabled the burning rate of propellant to be higher than that of propellant including common Pb（ Ⅱ ）-phthalate, and its pressure exponent is lower at 6 - 10 MPa.