LNG泄露后果的预测模型

Models for Predicting Consequences of LNG Releases

液化天然气(LNG)在全球的贸易额正在逐年增长,尤其是在中国能源进口贸易中已经成为继石油之后的主要能源产品,对于它的安全使用问题已经变得非常重要.针对LNG储存以及运输过程中可能导致的泄漏问题以及相关的安全问题,采用了计算流体力学为基础的计算机模型MTB,DE-GAD IS,FEM3A,并使用小规模的物理实验对模型进行检验,以达到精确和经济的预测结果.解决了传统实地物理模拟费用高昂,参数又难以控制的问题.在对物理模拟的难点进行了总结的基础上,提出了解决方案———超低速(ULS)风洞实验,并用于新一代的预测模型FEM3A的研究,以及预测模型的发展方向和实现方法———获得更高次的紊流闭合模型,并不断利用物理模拟对其进行检验修正.

The growth of LNG trades has grown dramatically around the world year by year. It has become one of the primary energy sources in imports of China, followed oil. Then, it comes to an important problem that how to use it safely. To resolve the potential releases of LNG and other problems involved in safety during storage and transport, computer models based CFD, such as MTB, DEGADIS, FEM3A are applied. By using small scale physical experiments for verification, economical and perfect results can be achieved, and the problems is avoided that traditional physical modeling on spot is hard to control and very expensive. Based the summary about the difficulties that the physical experiments contain, it is proposed that solving method is using ULS wind tunnel in the research of the new model FEM3A for more complex obstacle arrays and non-uniform terrain. A higher order turbulence closure model is given.