合成纳米铝佐剂及其对乙型肝炎、狂犬病毒辅佐效应的研究

Synthesis of nanoparticulate alum adjuvant and its application to the HBsAg and rabies virus

目的通过自制纳米铝佐剂,研究其对乙型肝炎病毒和狂犬病毒的体液免疫应答。方法在25℃条件下,采用微乳液法制备纳米铝佐剂。与常规铝佐剂比较,经皮下注射豚鼠和Balb/c小鼠后,于不同的时间测定血清中特异性IgG抗体的效价。结果透射电镜(TEM)和差式量热扫描(DSC),可知产物为平均粒径约为72.62 nm,近球形的Al(OH)3结晶颗粒。纳米铝佐剂辅佐的HBsAg,在免疫Balb/c小鼠后第1周和第2周的血清抗体滴度明显高于常规铝佐剂组(P<0.01;P<0.05);纳米铝佐剂辅佐的狂犬疫苗,其特异性IgG抗体效价高于常规铝佐剂组,并且在免疫后的第7天,抗体就呈现出阳性(P<0.05)。结论纳米铝佐剂在诱导HBsAg和Rabies疫苗体液免疫应答的早期优于目前的常规铝佐剂,能够快速地激活和提高Balb/c小鼠和豚鼠的免疫应答和应答水平。

Objective To study the humoral immunity changes induced by HBsAg and rabies virus absorbed onto domestic nanoparticulate alum adjuvant. Methods Nanoparticulate alum adjuvant had been synthesized by the microemulsion at 25 ℃, Tne specific antibody titers of IgG in Guinea pigs and Balb/c mice were assayed after hypodermic injection of nanopartieulate alum adjuvant, and then compared with those of normal alum adjuvant. Results By the .analyses of transmission electron microscopy （TEM） and differential scanning calorimetery （DSC）, the resultant particle was characterized to be the AI（OH）3 crystal, which was a spherical structure of 70 nm in diameter. Serum anti-HBsAg IgG titers of nanoparticulate alum adjuvant group were higher than those of bulk alum adjuvant group in the first two weeks after immunization （ P 〈 0.01 ; P 〈 0.05） ; The anit-rabies virus IgG titers of nanoparticulate alum adjuvant group was higher than those of control group （ P 〈 0.05）, and the antibody presented positive at 7 d postimmunization. Conclusion With assist of nanoparticulate alum adjuvant, HBsAg and rabies virus can induce higher and earlier humoral immunity compared with assist of bulk alum adjuvant.