DNA分子标记在雌雄异株植物性别鉴定中的应用

Applications of DNA molecular markers on sex identification of dioecious plants

雌雄异株植物中不同性别的植株所产生的经济效应和生态效应存在一定的差异,在生产实践中,选取适宜性别的植株进行栽培有助于提高效率,避免不必要的浪费。然而,性别鉴定的常用方法大多是根据表型、代谢产物含量及活性等方面的差异,在成株阶段进行的,鉴定结果的可靠性和准确性都有一定的局限。近几年,DNA分子标记技术应用于雌雄异株植物的性别鉴定研究中,获得了快速准确的鉴定结果。在比较常用性别鉴定方法的基础上,主要就常用DNA分子标记在雌雄异株植物性别鉴定中的研究进展做一概述并对该领域的研究提出展望。

There are many differences of the economic yield and ecological efficiency between different sexual individuals of dioecious plants. In practice,the unnecessary cultivation of unwanted males or females leads to wastage of resource,which can be avoided if the sex of the plant is determined at juvenile stage. The morphological and cytological studies conducted so far have failed to differentiate accurately between the various sex forms. Recently, the methods of seedling sex identification in dioecious plants have been improved by applying DNA molecular markers. Based on comparing the traditional methods with DNA molecular markers, the appli- cation of DNA molecular markers in sex identification of dioecious plants are summarized. The prospect and some problems in the field are also briefly presented.