6Spratt KF,Weinstein JN,Lehmann TR,etal.Efficacy of flexion and extension treatment incorporation braces for low-back pain patients with retrodisplacement,spondylolisthesis,or normal sagittal translation[J].Spine,1993,18:1839-1849.
2[2]Thompson JP, Pearce RH, Schechter MT, et al. Preliminary evaluation of a scheme for grading the gross morphology of the human intervertebral disc[J]. Spine, 1990,15:411-415.
3[3]Fujiwara A, Tamai K, An HS, et al. The relationship between disc degeneration, facet joint osteoarthritis, and stability of the degenerative lumbar spine [J]. J Spinal Disord,2000,13 (5):444-450.
4[4]Soini J, Antti-Poika I, Tallroth K, et al. Disc degeneration and angular movement of the lumbar spine: Comparative study using plain and flexion-extension radiography and discography[J]. J Spinal Disord,1991,4:183-187.
5[5]Murata M, Morio Y, Kuranobu K. Lumbar disc degeneration and segmental instability: A comparison of magnetic resonance images and plain radiographs of patients with low back pain[J].Arch Orthop Trauma Surg, 1994,113:297-301.
6[6]Holmas DC, Brown MD, Eckstein EC, et al. Instability assessment of the lumbar function spinal unit [J]. Orthop Trans,1988,12:619-620.
7[7]Fujiwara A, Lim TH, An HS, et al. The effect of disc degeneration and facet joint osteoarthritis on the segmental flexibility of the lumbar spine[J]. Spine,2000,25(23): 3036-3044.
8[8]Schmidt TA, An HS, Lim TH, et al. The stiffness of lumbar motion segments with a high-intensity zone in the annulus fibrosus[J]. Spine, 1998,23 : 2167-2173.
9[9]Nachemson A, Schultz AB, Berkson MH. Mechanical properties of human lumbar spine motion segments. Part Ⅱ: Influence of age, sex, disc level, and degeneration[J]. Spine, 1979, 4:1-4.
10[10]King AI, Prasad P, Ewing CL. Mechanism of spinal injury due to caudocephalad acceleration[J]. Orthop Clin North Am,1975,6:19-31.
