一个数学模型在果树栽培学中的应用

Study on the application of a mathematical model in fruit culture

假设树冠为一仅由连续叶片组成的密度均匀的曲面体,通过计算单位土地面积上的果树树冠的总表面积和总容积发现,树形相似时,封行后矮化密植与常规种植果树的树冠总表面积相等,而矮化密植果树树冠的总容积相对较小;通过计算单位土地面积上不同树形树冠的表面积,发现他们差异悬殊。进而研究树冠的表面积和容积与栽植密度和树形之间的关系,为矮化密植高产、优质及树形选择提供新的理论依据和参考。

In this paper, the tree crown was supposed to be a body of even density with a curve surface consisted of consecutive arranged leaves. By calculating the total area of crown surface and the volume of the crown of trees in term of per unit of land area after the trees grew overcrowded, it was found that when the tree shapes were similar, the total area of the crown surface of trees planted in high-density with dwarfing training system equaled to that of trees planted in normal density and training system, but trees planted in high-density with dwarfing training system had a relatively smaller volume of crown. The result also showed a great difference in crown area with different crown shapes. This study provided a new theory base and reference for increasing production and improving fruit quality of high density planting with dwarfing training system and for making choice for tree training by studying the relationship between the surface area and volume of crown and the planting density and shape of the tree.