青少年皮脂溢出相关疾病的危险因素及其与消化道疾病相关性的流行病学研究

Risk factors of some sebaceous glands diseases and their relation to gastrointestinal dysfunction in adolescents: an epidemiological study

目的评估青少年皮脂溢出相关疾病的危险因素及其与消化道功能紊乱的相关性。方法于2001年9-10月对澳门特别行政区的中学,以学校为单位抽签随机整群抽取7所中学,共4600名12～20岁的青少年,对其逐一检查并以问卷调查的方法收集皮脂溢出相关疾病的流行病学资料,将所有资料以SPSS10.0软件进行统计分析。结果青少年脂溢性皮炎、痤疮、脂溢性脱发及酒渣鼻患病率分别是2.7%、45.5%、1.6%及0.7%。多元Logistic回归分析得出年龄、消化道功能紊乱、季节(夏季)、喜食辛辣食物、喜食油炸食物、家族中有痤疮患者、乳晕周围有较长体毛等为其危险因素,其中消化道功能紊乱的OR=1.208(95%可信区间1.053～1.385,P=0.007)。结论消化道功能紊乱为皮脂溢出相关疾病的危险因素,皮脂溢出相关疾病的发生、发展与消化道功能紊乱有着密切关系。

Objectives To assess the prevalence of and risk factors for some sebaceous gland diseases （ seborrhoeic dermatitis, acne, seborrhoeic alopecia and rosacea ） and their relation to gastrointestinal dysfunction in adolescents. Methods A questionnaire survey was carried out for the epidemiologic information of sebaceous gland diseases from September to October 2001. A total of 4 600 youngsters aged from 12 to 20 years were recruited from 7 middle schools in Macao by random cluster sampling. The statistical software of SPSS 10.0 was used to analyze the data. Results The prevalence of seborrhoeic dermatitis, acne, seborrhoeic alopecia and rosacea was 2.7%, 45.5%, 1.6% and 0.7% respectively. Based on multivariate logistic regression analysis, the risk factors of sebaceous gland diseases included age, gastrointestinal dysfunction, season （ summer ）, spicy and fried food, a family history of acne and the presence of long hairs on areolae of breasts. Gastrointestinal dysfunction was correlated with the incidence rates of sebaceous gland disease （ P = 0.007, OR = 1.208, 95% C.I 1.053 - 1.385 ）. Conclusion Gastrointestinal dysfunction is an important risk factor for diseases of the sebaceous glands and correlates with the occurrence and development of these diseases.